Index data of Liaoning province from 1980 to 2012 in urban and rural resident per capita income and GDP growth was analyzed. From the overall and local angle and correlation coefficients correlation characteristics between the three were obtained, and further the autoregressive model of vector variables was established, and the impulse response function was used to investigate the dynamic relationship between the three. The research results showed that there was a close correlation between GDP growth and urban and rural income growth, but the trends did not synchronized|from the perspective of dynamic link between the three, GDP growth in Liaoning province had a clear role in promoting urban and rural income growth, however the income increase of urban and rural residents had no obvious role on GDP the growth. And the effective measures should be taken to narrow the gap between city and countryside, and strive to achieve synchronous growth of income and GDP.